SPARK: The AI Tool Transforming Bushfire Prediction and Response
- Gov+AI
- Jul 14
- 3 min read

Australia’s bushfire seasons have become increasingly severe, making rapid and accurate prediction of fire spread more critical than ever. Enter Spark, a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) tool developed to revolutionise
how emergency services and researchers understand, predict, and respond to bushfires.
What is Spark Designed to Do?
Spark is a flexible bushfire modelling toolkit that simulates the spread of wildfires in real time. Its primary function is to provide emergency management decision-makers with accurate, location-based predictions of bushfire arrival times—crucial information for issuing timely warnings, planning evacuations, and deploying firefighting resources[1][9][2]. Spark can simulate hours of fire spread across a landscape in seconds, taking into account a wide array of variables such as weather, topography, vegetation, and fuel loads[1][9]. The system is highly configurable, allowing users to build custom fire propagation models and incorporate new fire behaviour research as it emerges[7].
Key features include:
- Rapid simulation of multiple fire fronts, including merging and coalescence
- Integration of various data sources (weather, terrain, fuel types)
- Ensemble analysis for running thousands of simulations concurrently
- Web-based interface and REST API for operational use and research[1][7]
Who Leads Spark’s Development?
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia’s national science agency, is the primary developer of Spark[1][9]. The project is a collaborative effort, involving partnerships with the Australasian Fire and Emergency Services Authorities Council (AFAC), the Minderoo Foundation, and the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC)[1][9]. CSIRO’s Data61 division has played a pivotal role in integrating advanced simulation science and AI into the tool[9].
Where is Spark Used?
Spark is being rolled out for national operations across Australia, providing a consistent, state-of-the-art bushfire prediction capability for fire and emergency service agencies[1][9]. Its applications extend from operational use during active fire events to research in fire behaviour, risk management, and land planning[1][7]. The toolkit’s flexibility allows it to be used on everything from desktop computers to supercomputing clusters, making it accessible for both frontline responders and academic researchers[1][7].
The Impact Spark Could Have
The potential impact of Spark is profound:
- Faster, more accurate predictions: Spark can generate fire spread predictions in minutes, compared to the hour or more required by traditional methods[5].
- Improved emergency response: By providing real-time, data-driven insights, Spark enables better resource allocation, quicker warnings, and more effective evacuation planning[5][9].
- Enhanced research and planning: Researchers can use Spark to test new fire behaviour models, analyse historical events, and develop better risk mitigation strategies[1][7].
- National consistency: Spark’s adoption across Australia ensures a unified approach to bushfire modelling, improving coordination and response at all levels[9].
As bushfires continue to pose a significant threat, Spark represents a leap forward in harnessing AI for disaster management—helping to save lives, protect property, and build more resilient communities[1][5][9].
Sources
[1] [PDF] Spark – A Bushfire Modelling Toolkit - CSIRO Research https://research.csiro.au/spark/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2023/06/Spark_FactSheet_2pp_230615.pdf
[2] Spark | AI4SDGs https://ai-for-sdgs.academy/case/344
[3] CSIRO debuts bushfire prediction tool - iTnews https://www.itnews.com.au/news/csiro-debuts-bushfire-prediction-tool-403554
[4] 7 Powerful Ways AI And Bushfire Prevention Technology ... https://pattens.com/government/bushfire-prevention-technology/
[5] Everyday AI: Sparking innovation in the workplace - CSIRO https://www.csiro.au/en/news/all/articles/2025/february/everyday-ai-workplace-productivity
[6] Implications of artificial intelligence for bushfire management https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/ajem-january-2021-implications-of-artificial-intelligence-for-bushfire-management/
[7] About – Spark - CSIRO Research https://research.csiro.au/spark/about/
[8] Fighting fires from space in record time: how AI could ... https://unisa.edu.au/media-centre/Releases/2024/fighting-fires-from-space-in-record-time-how-ai-could-prevent-a-repeat-of-australias-devastating-wildfires/
[9] Spark: Predicting bushfire spread - CSIRO https://www.csiro.au/en/research/technology-space/ai/spark
[10] Exponential growth and decay worksheet kuta software http://lukoilmarine.com/ckfinder/userfiles/files/28719406465.pdf